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The mayor said <\/a> he\u2019s already reaching out across the country and plans to put together a national working group to look at where cities can create no-carry zones: government designated safe-zones, or sensitive spaces, where concealed carry would still be restricted, even after licensing approval.<\/p>\n \u201cBecause we don\u2019t believe the Supreme Court is going to take up that aspect of it,\u201d Adams said. \u201cWe believe there\u2019s room for us to say, \u2018Ok, here\u2019s where you can\u2019t carry: subway systems, schools,\u2019 we could restrict, \u2018Ok, you no longer need a license, well here\u2019s the restrictions of where you can\u2019t carry.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cThat is what we\u2019re putting together right now as a Plan B,\u201d Adams said. \u201cPlan A is for them not to pass it.\u201d<\/p>\n But constitutional experts and criminal justice professionals are divided on the legal barriers Adams\u2019 backup plan will encounter if the court strikes down the state\u2019s existing restrictions.<\/p>\n \u201cI think the court will incorrectly decide that there\u2019s a constitutional right to carry a concealed weapon, which would be the most dramatic change to gun-control laws ever, at least in the last 150 years,\u201d said Richard Aborn, president of the Citizens Crime Commission, a criminal justice research nonprofit, and former Manhattan Assistant District Attorney. \u201cThe question is whether the court gives states and localities some leeway to regulate carry and concealed weapons in sensitive places.\u201d<\/p>\n \u201cWhat constitutes \u2018good cause\u2019 is the nub of the case,\u201d said Joseph Blocher, constitutional law professor at Duke University Law School. \u201cNew York courts have interpreted this to mean some heightened need for self-defense above and beyond the average person\u2014you have a stalker or are a victim of a crime\u2014but it\u2019s not specifically spelled out.\u201d<\/p>\n Because of the lack of specifics in the existing New York law, constitution experts believe the court will likely rule against some\u2014if not all\u2014aspects of the state\u2019s existing concealed carry laws in Bruen<\/em>.<\/p>\n Blocher admitted that, \u201cThere\u2019s a lot of different ways the justices can go.\u201d Jeffrey Fagan, a second amendment professor at Columbia Law School, said that he doesn\u2019t think that Gov. Kathy Hochul\u2019s <\/a> new executive orders placing age restrictions on long gun purchases and requiring enhanced background checks should be affected by the potential reversal of precedent.<\/p>\n \u201cIt’s hard to speculate on legal options without knowing the constraints or wiggle room that the Bruen<\/em> opinion will create,\u201d Fagan said. \u201cIt’s a difficult situation, and as a lifelong New Yorker, it makes me very concerned.\u201d<\/p>\n There is a likelihood that overturning concealed carry restrictions will lead to increased levels of gun violence across the city\u2014notably in commercial business districts or in places like the subway system.<\/p>\n The mayor implied that fears about public safety will filter throughout the private sector and impact the economy\u2014notably the willingness of workers to travel into their city offices.<\/p>\n \u201cEvery group from our Partnership [for New York City] to others, they continually hear from their employees: public safety on the transportation system,\u201d Adams said. \u201cCovid has dissipated with people being fearful of Covid and has been replaced with our subway system.\u201d<\/p>\n Many New Yorkers have been left shaken by outbursts in deadly shootings and gun violence <\/a> . Last month Daniel Enriquez, a Goldman Sachs employee, was shot dead while riding the Q train in an unprovoked attack. Frank James was charged in April with committing a terrorist attack on an N train in Brooklyn after a man opened fire on passengers <\/a> , injuring 10 people from gun shots.<\/p>\n Overall citywide shootings incidents have increased by 47% from two years ago, and citywide shooting victims have reached 656 this year, a nearly 50% increase from two years ago, according to the most recent city police data.<\/p>\n \u201cDuring a time of rising gun violence, [overturning concealed carry] is absolutely the worst thing you can do,\u201d Aborn said. \u201cIt would be like taking vials of the Covid virus and injecting them into the atmosphere during the height of the pandemic.\u201d<\/p>\n Gun violence incidents have risen in states that have overturned concealed carry restrictions.<\/p>\n Eric Ruben, a second amendment expert at Southern\u00a0Methodist University and fellow at the NYU Brennan Institute for Justice, said that although the policy area is highly contested, \u201cresearch from top empiricists has concluded that loosening concealed carry standards is associated with an increase in aggregate violent crime.\u201d<\/p>\n Ruben pointed to a 2018 study by John Donohue at Stanford University, who found that right-to-carry laws adopted by states are associated with a 13%-to-15% increase in violent crime rates ten years after adoption.<\/p>\n \u201cThe same thing could happen in New York,\u201d Blocher said. \u201cWhat you\u2019ll see is almost inevitable: more guns in public places and it\u2019s hard not to see how that can translate into more public gun violence.\u201d<\/p>\n Even if the Adams administration establishes gun-free safe zones in public places across the city like schools, subways, stadiums and parks, it\u2019s unclear how the Supreme Court will rule on the subsequent litigation that will likely be brought against these new restrictions.<\/p>\n \u201cLitigation is almost certain about the sensitive places drawn up by city and state,\u201d Ruben said. \u201cRight now, there\u2019s very little guidance on how much discretion policymakers have in deciding sensitive places.\u201d<\/p>\n Ruben noted that during oral arguments in the Bruen<\/em> case, some judges seemed\u00a0to cast doubt on whether the subway could be defined as a sensitive place to carry a gun and that Justice Samuel Alito \u201cseemed to sense that a subway restriction would go too far.\u201d<\/p>\n Aborn said it\u2019s possible that the Supreme Court ruling may not even give localities the right to define sensitive places to limit concealed carry and that the court may find certain, space-specific regulations place an undue burden on the constitutional right to carry.<\/p>\n But he also pointed out sensitive places do exist in society, even to the Justices.<\/p>\n \u201cTry to carry a concealed gun on the floor of the Supreme Court. Watch what happens to you then,\u201d he added. \u201cIt\u2019s full of contradictions.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\nTechnical case<\/strong>
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